Yeah, the Habs are definitely ahead, but still going through those final rebuild year(s), especially with the likes of the Sabres, Senators, and Red Wings also growing and improving, and none of the Bruins/Leafs/Lightning and even Panthers going anywhere.
Buffalo is very close to competing - Levi could be their final missing piece if he is a legitimate NHL-tender.
The Red Wings are sort of in that pretender territory unless they have some young players make the jump like Seider/Raymond have.
The Senators are definitely a lot better with the roster additions they've made; the DeBrincat deal could hamstring them long-term though; their defense is still a bit weak defensively, and their goaltending is a huge area of concern.
The Bruins are still an elite team, and with Lindholm/McAvoy/Pasta and their young goaltenders they should be a playoff contender for the foreseeable future - but the best pieces of their team beyond that; Krejci, Bergeron, Marchand - are all on the way out, with nothing in the pipeline to replace them. Come 2024/25, the Bruins will start missing or being a wild card team.
The Lightning are ... well, they are the back-to-back-to-back SC Finalists. However, their core is undoubtedly aging, and while JB can keep pulling magic tricks to add depth players to help them go on runs, eventually their luck will run out and years of hemorrhaging prospects and draft capital will absolutely catch up to them.
The Panthers are going to just keep being the Panthers. Tkachuk, Barkov, Verhaeghe, Knight and Ekblad mean they will for the foreseeable future have a strong core of players - but for whatever reason Florida perpetually fails to get it done when it matters.
The Leafs are at the end of their window. With Nylander, Matthews and Marner all needing new deals soon, one of them is going to end up wearing a different teams jersey. In the magical event all three get extended, the GM (whether it's Dubas or his successor) is going to have a hell of a time playing cap gymnastics without trading Morgan or Captain PJs, both of which would be a colossal failure.
Montreal is in a great spot but is still treading water. Of all the above teams, Montreal has the most "could be" prospects, from Hutson and Mailloux to Roy, Beck, Mesar, Kidney, Farrell and Slafkovsky. Who Montreal leaves the draft with this year will make a substantial difference; because adding Bedard/Fantilli or Michkov or Reinbacher + PLD could drastically change the dynamic of this team moving forward. Goaltending is another question mark in Montreal, similar to all non-Boston/Tampa teams in the division - but probably the best 'young group' of players in the NHL (Dach, Suzuki, Caufield, Guhle, Xhekaj, Harris, Barron, Slafkovsky) with the potential for that U23 group to get deeper this year.
In terms of "close to playoffs" -> Bruins > Toronto = Tampa > Florida = Buffalo > Sens > Habs = Red Wings
In terms of "likelihood to be an elite team in 3-5 years" -> Buffalo > Montreal > Sens > Detroit as of right now.