What's Up Tiger Lily? (Allen, 1966)
The final product feels amateurish and (apart from a few hilarious one-liners) its humor, which aims at being subversive, is mostly juvenile at best. Still, this is a very important work in Allen's filmography and the foundation of the most significant elements of his
signature, not as an author, but as a film-
maker.
A few incomplete thoughts, with no real guideline (kind of like the movie).
First, the film itself. Despite feeling a little botched or incomplete, the film imposes an interesting questionning about the author and genre notions. There is 4 films in here: a japanese spoof of spy movies, written by Hideo Ando and directed by Senikichi Taniguchi ; a rewrite of this film, re-edited and dubbed with silly dialogue presented as a grand work of Woody Allen (this film only exists within the film - the film that Woody Allen is asked to comment) ; the actual work of Woody Allen and friends (which doesn't exist anywhere, or only as parts of
What's Up Tiger Lily?) ; and the final cut, with extra dialogues with, among other things, a fake Allen voice, and music interludes added by "the studio". The credits of this final film would deserve an essay on itself: the only directing credits are Taniguchi's, while Allen gets credits for "special material" and "aiding and abetting" the cast. Six others are credited for assisting with writing and voices, and Ben Shapiro, who - as far as I know - had the rights to the film, came up with the original idea, and proposed it to Allen (might also be the one responsible for the additionnal voices and for the
Spoonful appearances), is only credited for "production conception". Identifying the author(s) here is a challenge, but isn't what seems important to me, I'm rather interested in the interrogation underneath: what film are we - the actual spectators - looking at? Obviously, what's in our hand is the final cut, the work of a pretty important bunch of people, but what I am reviewing (as did all previous reviews above) is a Woody Allen film (but doesn't that film only exists as a fictional work within the collective work?). The film remains as it is fantasized within itself: the grand work of an author (and it situates the spectator as part of its fiction, something that would also deserve an essay on itself, but I'll probably get back to it a little).
What's Up Tiger Lily?'s production adventure is a great examplification of cinema's cannibalistic authorship where no matter how many people actually contributed to the final construction of a work, it remains presented as an author's
œuvre, just like a novel or a painting. The film has theoretical importance on two other questions (that I won't address here): it asks the question, and has been used as a fundamental example, of the authorial contribution of the translator and it is also a challenge to the notion of genre.
Second, the film as a foundation to Allen's signature. The original idea of dubbing disruptive dialogue onto an existing film isn't Woody Allen's - it was proposed to him. So for his first film project, the "young" comedian is placed in a unique position: not writing and filming a funny story like he'll have to do later, but tinkering jokes with existing material. The process works through
détournement (can't find an appropriate English equivalent) and distanciation, stuff his better works will use abundantly, but most of all, it implies using the film's own materiality as elements for building jokes (for example, in
Deconstructing Harry, Allen's character finds himself out of focus (1), in
Annie Hall, Allen uses subtitles to betray the thoughts of the characters (2)). This is not to imply that Woody Allen's humor and understanding of the cinematographic medium wouldn't have gone that way without
What's Up Tiger Lily? but that first film, based on ideas that weren't his, is clearly the source, or the building block of some important elements of his approach. The director is famous for "breaking the fourth wall", and again this propensity, from the after-life addresses to the spectator in
Love & Death (3) to the appearance of Marshall McLuhan in
Annie Hall (4) (one of the most satisfactory movie scenes to any cinema goers) finds its point of origin in
Tiger Lily. The film is also Allen's first of many
exercice de style and experimentation with genre restrictive forms, which will pave ways to my two favorite films of his (
Zelig and
Stardust Memories).
Lastly, the spectator's position / the "male" gaze. As said earlier, the spectator is here part of the fiction - not only through the existence in the film of the filmic object that is presented to us (that mythic Woody Allen creation), but twice by being addressed directly by the interviewer, once by Allen, and in text through the end credits. The spectator finds himself as part of the opening credits too, personified by the illustrated Woody "watching" bawdy/racy credits with unclothed women when he has his glasses on (and normal white on black credits when he takes them off), as well as in the original japanese film's images - one of the actresses reacts by closing the drapes when "watched" by the camera outside, and as an eye peeping through a keyhole (couldn't ask for a better cliché). It's not an exhaustive exercise - it would have been an impossible task with images that he didn't film himself (even though the japanese film has material for it, including a few scenes where the males are presented with a selection of women) - but occularization is an important part of the film, which ends on an eye test (included for failing spectators who read the credits instead of watching the striptease). I'm not entirely sure what to make out of it in here, but in a filmography where "men look at women / women watch themselves being looked at" (that's from John Berger, not me), it certainly shines light on many other great Woody Allen moments (Michael Caine in
Hannah and Her Sisters being of the less creepy ones (5)).
1)
2)
3)
4)
Woody Allen meets Marshall McLuhan
5)
Hannah and Her Sisters (1/11) Movie CLIP - God, She's Beautiful (1986) HD
In addition to being fundamental to Woody Allen's signature, there's a lot of material to feed the mind in different directions in
Tiger Lily. What we have here is a lot more than the z-grade amateurish raunchy little film it appears to be. Its deconstruction of film medium is clumsy and Allen doesn't have the abilities (yet) to go real far in the paths he opens, but there is enough in here for the film to be considered an interesting and valid first work.