It's tough to know what each player's motivation will be as they sign what will be the richest contract of their career, so this does assume a player's desire is to play in Colorado and their willingness to compromise in order to facilitate that...
For example, while MacKinnon would almost certainly command a max salary on the open market, but as with all Colorado players I could see him settling for below market value, say 11 million per season to remain with the Avs
Fun fact: MacKinnon is 1 day older than Barkov
Over the last 4 seasons, MacKinnon has averaged 1.30 PPG, while Barkov has averaged 1.06 PPG... which means MacKinnon has out-scored him by 20 points per 82 games over that stretch
Assuming Barkov wants to join the Avs, and is made aware of MacKinnon's intention to re-sign for 11 million per, I find it hard to believe he would insist on being the team's highest paid player, so maybe he agrees to come in for 10.5 million...
So...
MacKinnon 11
Barkov 10.5
Rantanen 9.25
Makar 9
Landeskog 7
Girard 5
Toews 4.1
Compher 3.5
Jost 2
O'Connor 1.05
Newhook .9
Byram .9
= 64.2 million for 12 players
Johnson's 6 million cap hit is absent, as the Avs will have to pay another team to take it off their hands. Compher's 3.5 million cap hit could be moved as well, but I'll keep it on the roster for now
With the cap expected to rise to 82.5 million next season, that leaves 18.3 million remaining for 11 players...
Assuming re-signing Burakovsky would be a priority, he re-ups for 5 million per
Set the budget for a starting goalie at 4 million, with the back up making 1.3 million
That leaves 8 million to fill out the remaining 8 roster spots... the league minimum salary is $750k
A talented core like that with a chance at a Cup will almost certainly attract veterans willing to play for a million or less as they near the end of their careers...
Where things get tricky is when Byram and Newhook are due for extensions...
Replacing Compher and Jost with cheaper options would create an additional 4 million in cap space, but if Byram and Newhook are trending towards reaching their potential, it's likely the final year of Toews' contract would have to be dealt in order to clear an additional 3.3 million
Assuming the cap increases to 83.5 million for the 2024 season, if the Avs filled out the remainder of their roster with players on their ELC and vets playing for the league minimum, they'd have approx. 10 million in cap space... 6 million of which could go to Byram with 4 million to Newhook, both on 2 year bridge deals... as those bridge deals are set to expire, Rantanen's 9.5 million cap hit will be coming off the books
Ta-da!