Depends on what time period you choose. I will use Olympics+WJC+WC results since 2005
Canada have 2 olympic golds and 1 olympic silver for 3 olympic medals. 4 world championship golds and 5 world championship silvers for 9 medals. At the u20 level, Canada have 8 golds, 4 silvers and 1 bronze medal since 2005, 13 medals in total. That adds up to 25 medals for Canada since 2005.
Russia have 4 world championship golds, 2 world championship silvers and 5 world championship bronze medals since 2005, a total of 11 medals. In the world juniors, Russia have 1 gold, 7 silvers and 6 bronzes (for 14 medals). A total of 25 medals.
Sweden have two olympic medals since 2005, 1 gold and 1 silver. At the worlds, Sweden have 4 golds, 1 silver and 3 bronze medals for 8 medals. At the world juniors, Sweden have 1 gold, 5 silvers and 2 bronze medals for 8 medals. Sweden have therefore won 6 golds, 7 silvers and 5 bronzes for 18 medals since 2005. Add the 90s, the golden era of Swedish hockey, and this looks better though.
USA have 1 olympic silver since 2005, alongside 4 world championship bronzes. At the mens level, I think you could say Finland have been better than the US at winning medals this century. However, the USA have 9 world junior medals since 2005 (4 golds, 1 silver, 3 bronzes. That equals 14 medals for the USA since 2005.
Finland have 1 olympic silver, 2 olympic bronzes since 2005. 3 medals. They have 2 golds, 5 silvers and 2 bronzes at the WC. 9 medals. At the junior level, they have 3 golds and two bronzes. 5 medals. This is gives Finland 5 golds, 6 silvers 6 bronzes for 17 medals, which is more than the US, and way more than I thought.
Using the year 2005 as a cut of date for recency, I will admit this is good. Much better than I thought. I admit I was underestimating Finlands recent rise in the hockey world. I guess my perception of Finland being weaker than one of Czech Republic/USA comes from either very recent US superiority or historical Czech dominance. My perception of Finland as a weaker medal candidate could also be a result of few high level golds and lots of bronzes. Their roster on paper is rarely close to any of the four other current powerhouses, in my perception. Maybe if I randomly picked another time period, this would look different. However, one guy tried to say "Finland always medal". That is really my main grudge. They miss the medals more often than they medal in these tournaments.