This is the heart of the issue. What's considered being put in a position to fail/succeed? How much is on the player or management? What's reasonable to expect of a young player, and what's fair to expect of a rebuilding/contending team?
Well, it's fairly simple if the organization can properly assess their own players. If we look at the AHL callups from this year.
Daniil Gushchin's only path to success in the NHL is as a top 6 winger. This seems fairly obvious when you consider his play style. Besides his obvious lack of height, he is a finesse player with a high level of offensive skill. In his entire career, including with the Barracuda, he has been asked to and succeeded when playing on the top 2 lines. To then put him on a 3rd or 4th line in the NHL and think that he's going establish himself as well as gel and succeed with grinders is most definitely putting him in a position to fail. Of course, we are all aware of the "ol' boys' club" mentality that you have to earn the right to play in the top 6, but it's an organizational failure from the top down to not objectively analyze your players and prospects and put them in situations where you can get the most out of them. If that's not the goal, then you're simply doing it wrong.
Collin Graf and Ethan Cardwell have the attributes and capabilities that are more suited to middle 6 or bottom 6 roles. Graf has the size and hockey IQ to do well. Cardwell has the tenacity and speed. Both have done relatively well in their opportunities to play down in the lineup. Graf struggled playing with both Celebrini and Granlund (at 5 on 5) but has had better results with Wennberg. Playing Graf on the top 2 lines has not gone well up to this point. I can understand why they were giving him a chance given that he was leading all AHL rookies in scoring, but he's not a clear top 6 winger by any means. Putting him down the lineup gives him a much better chance to succeed.
When considering the situational expectations, on a rebuilding team the lease should be considerably longer than on a contender. For someone like Gushchin, in his current state, he wouldn't sniff any ice time on a contender right now barring catastrophic injuries. However, on a rebuilding team, like the Sharks, with very few top 6 wingers, he should be given a fair amount of run on the top 2 lines to see if there's anything there. I'd say like 10+ games at least with either Celebrini or Granlund. Graf and Cardwell on the other hand could contribute on the bottom lines of a contender with very simple expectations and a short leash. On a rebuilding team, they should get much longer run on the middle lines with PK responsibilities.
But this might be the team not wanting a young player being overwhelmed/steamrolled. E.g., send Thompson to the AHL where he can work on his game, and let Rutta get slammed in the NHL.
This cuts both ways. You can't protect them from the rigors of the NHL both mentally and physically. If they can't handle it when given the opportunity to play with low expectations, should anyone expect them to handle it better when the expectations are higher? I'm not advocating for throwing everyone into the fire, but with the Sharks' roster, at least give them a shot and see what happens. It will give you some indication about their long term future with the organization.